Aldous Huxley: Alphabet of Peace. Commitment against War

References

Aldous Huxley texts were quoted mainly from these six essay volumes:

Aldous Huxley Complete Essays, Volume I, 1920-1925. Edited with commentary by Robert S. Baker and James Sexton. Ivan R. Dee. Chicago 2000 (AHCE I)

Aldous Huxley Complete Essays, Volume II, 1926-1929. Edited with commentary by Robert S. Baker and James Sexton. Ivan R. Dee. Chicago 2000 (AHCE II)

Aldous Huxley Complete Essays, Volume III, 1930-1935. Edited with commentary by Robert S. Baker and James Sexton. Ivan R. Dee. Chicago 2001 (AHCE III)

Aldous Huxley Complete Essays, Volume IV, 1936-1938. Edited with commentary by Robert S. Baker and James Sexton. Ivan R. Dee. Chicago 2001 (AHCE IV)

Aldous Huxley Complete Essays, Volume V, 1939-1956. Edited with commentary by Robert S. Baker and James Sexton. Ivan R. Dee. Chicago 2002 (AHCE V) Aldous Huxley Complete Essays – Volume VI, 1956 – 1963 and Supplement, 1920 – 1948. Edited with commentary by Robert S. Baker and James Sexton. Chicago 2002 (AHCE VI)

POSTER: Photo: Aldous Huxley, February 1938 https://flashbak.com/listen-to-aldous-huxleys-talks-on-the-visionary-experience-and-read-his-advice-to-albert-hofmann-on-taking-lsd-4004/

Page 1 (ENCYLOPEDIA COVER): An Encyclopædia of Pacifism. Edited by Aldous Huxley (London, 1937). Page 2 (ARMAMENT): Photo: Nelson-class battleship HMS Rodney - https://i.redd.it/3ao5b7w6nan01.jpg Text: AHCE III, p. 292 - [On Going Over a Battleship, Hearst, September 25, 1931]

Page 3 (BUDDHA): Photo: Seated Buddha in Meditation. 3rd century (Kushan period) - Yale University Art Gallery, New Haven, Connecticut, U.S.A. https://artgallery.yale.edu/collections/objects/6186 - https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Seated_Buddha_in_Meditation_(3rd_century,_Yale_University_Art_Gallery).jpg Text: AHCE IV, p. 210 - [War, Ends and Means, 1937]

Page 4 (COLLECTIVE SECURITY): Photo: Postcard Le Palais des Nations et Plaque to President Wilson Geneva, Switzerland Text: AHCE IV, p. 120 - [Total War and Pacifism, “Notes on the Way,” Time and Tide, March 7, 1936]

Page 5 (DULCE ET DECORUM): Photo: Second Lieutenant Wilfred Owen, front row, second from right. Officers of the 5th (Reserve) Battalion, Manchester Regiment. Copyright: IWM https://www.theatrecloud.com/news/who-was-wilfred-owen Text: AHCE IV, p. 56 f. - [Words and Behavior, The Olive Tree, 1936]

Page 6 (EFFORTS): Facsimile: Albert Einstein—Sigmund Freud: Why War ? (International Institute of Intellectual Cooperation, Palais Royal, Paris 1933 - League of Nations)
Text: AHCE IV, p. 224 f. - [War, Ends and Means, 1937]

Page 7 (FRATRICIDE): Photo: Battle of Bazentin Ridge. Five British and German walking wounded, injured in their arms and legs, on the way to a dressing station near Bernafay Wood, 19th July 1916 - https://www.iwm.org.uk/collections/item/object/205193912 Text: AHCE III, p. 396 - [Huxley zitiert S. T. Coleridge, “Fears in Solitude” (1798), 11, 104-123, in: Dispatches from the Rivera, Time and Tide, June 4, 1932]

Page 8 (GOLDEN RULE): Photo: Norman Rockwell (1894-1978), Golden Rule, 1961. Oil on canvas, 44 1/2” x 39 1/2”. Story illustration for The Saturday Evening Post, April 1, 1961. Norman Rockwell Museum Collections. United Nations Headquarters, New York City (mosaic) - https://www.nrm.org/2014/02/golden_rule/ Text: AHCE V, p. 144 - [The Double Crisis, Themes and Variations, 1950]

Page 9 (HUXLEY AS CHILD): https://www.pinterest.de/pin/354517801914884753/

Page 10 (H-BOMB): Photo: Operation Castle, Romeo Event, 27 May 1954, a series of US nuclear tests of 1954 in the Bikini and Enewetok atolls in the Marshall Islands of the Pacific. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Castle_Romeo.jpg Text: AHCE VI, p. 337 - [Literature and Modern Life, ca. 1961]

Page 11 (COVER PHOTO HUXLEY): Cover photo of Sybille Bedford: Aldous Huxley. A Biography (Ivan R Dee, 1973). Page 12 (INDEPENDENCE): Photo: An image of the first page of the first edition of the English translation of Gandhi's Hind Swaraj - "Indian Home Rule" in translation. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Gandhi-Home-Rule-First-Edition-1909.jpg Text: Aldous Huxley: A Note on Gandhi, in: Vedanta and the West (1948), and in: S. Radhakrishnan, Mahatma Gandhi; essays and reflections on his life and work, presented to him on his seventieth birthday, October 2nd, 1939. Together with a new memorial section.London: Allen & Unwin, 1949.

Page 13 (JOURNEY): Photo: Maria and Aldous Huxley in Berlin, Germany, 1932 Text: AHCE II, p. 565 - [America, Jesting Pilate, 1926]

Page 14 (KING): Photo: 1937 UK hand painted King George VI Coronation Flag Text: AHCE V, p. 143 f. - [The Double Crisis, Themes and Variations, 1950]

Page 15 (LAOZI): Photo: Sage Laozi, Netsuke, Ivory, Japan, 19th century Text: AHCE IV, p. 209 - [War, Ends and Means, 1937]

Page 16 (MAHATMA): Photo: Henri Cartier-Bresson - Gandhi’s ashes being transported to the River Ganges to be scattered. Delhi, India. 1948. Text: Aldous Huxley: A Note on Gandhi, in: Vedanta and the West (1948), and in: S. Radhakrishnan, Mahatma Gandhi; essays and reflections on his life and work, presented to him on his seventieth birthday, October 2nd, 1939. Together with a new memorial section.London: Allen & Unwin, 1949.

Page 17 (NATIONALISM): Photo: Remembrance Day, artist unknown, 1928 - https://www.ltmuseumshop.co.uk/posters/print-to-order/remembrance-day-1928 Text: AHCE III, p. 491 - [Beyond the Mexican Bay, 1934]

Page 18 (OUTCASTE): Photo: 2005 stamp sheet of India dedicated to the Salt March - http://www.wikiwand.com/en/Salt_March Text: AHCE IV, p. 251 f. - [Individual Work for Reform, Ends and Means, 1937]

Page 19 (POETRY): Facsimile: An Encyclopædia of Pacifism. Edited by Aldous Huxley. London 1937, pp. 115-116 [Shelley: Excerpts from his 1819 poem „The Mask of Anarchy“]

Page 20 (SHELLEY): Facsimile: Posthumous Portrait of Shelley Writing Prometheus Unbound, oil on canvas. Keats-Shelley Memorial House, Rome, Italy. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/ File:Joseph_Severn_-_Posthumous_Portrait_of_Shelley_Writing_Prometheus_Unbound_1845.jpg Page 21 (QUARRELS): Photo: After the bombing of Guernica on April 26, 1937 - https://guestlist.net/article/91688/the-bombing-of-guernica-and-what-really-happened Text: AHCE IV, p. 50 f. - [Words and Behavior, The Olive Tree, 1936]

Page 22 (RENUNCIATION): Facsimile: An Encyclopædia of Pacifism. Edited by Aldous Huxley. London 1937, pp. 89-91 [The Peace Pledge Union]

Page 23 (COVER PAMPLETS PEACE PLEDGE UNION): Aldous Huxley: What are you going to do about it? The case for constructive peace (London, 1936) - 100,000 say no! Aldous Huxley and ‘Dick’ Sheppard Talk About PACIFISM (London, 1936).

Page 24 (PPU POSTER ROYAL ALBERT HALL): 1936 Peace Pledge Union Meeting Programme For The Royal Albert Hall. Cover Designed by Arthur Wragg A decorative 4pp programme for the Peace Pledge Union Meeting at The Royal Albert Hall on November 27th 1936. The front cover shows a haunting image by Arthur Wragg (“Ye Shall Not Pass”). https://picclick.co.uk/1936-Peace-Pledge-Union-Programme-Royal-Albert-Hall-292456738168.html

Page 25 (SATYAGRAHA): Photo: Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, 1906 - http://www.theheritageportal.co.za/files/gandhi-1906-eric-itzkinjpg Text: AHCE IV, p. 245 f. - [Individual Work for Reform, Ends and Means, 1937]

Page 26 (GREGG COVER): Richard B. Gregg: Training for Peace. A Programme for Peace Workers. With an introduction by Aldous Huxley (London: Routledge, 1937). Photo: http://www.richardgregg.org Page 27 (TOTALITARIANISM): Photo: „Nürnberg, Reichsparteitag, Lichtdom“, 8 September 1936 - Bundesarchiv Bild 183-1982-1130-502 Text: AHCE III, p. 540 - [Beyond the Mexican Bay, 1934]

Page 28 (UNIVERSAL MILITARY CONSCRIPTION): Photo: „Potsdam, Rekrutenvereidigung im Lustgarten“, 7 November 1935 - Bundesarchiv Bild 183-2008-0717-503 Text: AHCE V, p. 131 - [The Double Crisis, Themes and Variations, 1950]

Page 29 (VIOLENCE): Photo: Portrait Bart de Ligt (photo: van Malsen, Utrecht) Text: AHCE IV, p. 168 - [Social Reform and Violence, Ends and Means, 1937]CONSCRIPTION

Page 30 (CONQUEST OF VIOLENCE COVER): Bart. de Ligt: The Conquest of Violence. An Essay on War and Revolution. With an introduction by Aldous Huxley (London: Routledge, 1937). - Bart de Ligt c. 1935; Public domain image; photographer unknown; courtesy of International Institute for Social History. http://www.satyagrahafoundation.org/bart-de-ligt-1883-1938-non-violent-anarcho-pacifist/

Page 31 (WAR RESISTERS‘ INTERNATIONAL): Facsimile:An Encyclopædia of Pacifism. Edited by Aldous Huxley. London 1937, pp. 116-119 [War Resisters‘ International] Page 32 (XENOPHOBIA): Facsimile: Aldous Huxley: Science, Liberty and Peace, 1946 (cover) - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:ScienceLibertyAndPeace.jpg Text: AHCE V, p. 272 - [Science, Liberty and Peace, 1946]

Page 33 (YOUTH): Photo: Female workers in a British toy factory in 1939 show dolls dressed in the uniforms of various women's war services. Text: AHCE VI, p. 251 - [Brave New World Revisited, 1958]

Page 34 (ZOON POLITIKON): Facsimile: Letter written by Aldous Huxley to George Orwell (Wrightwood, California, October 21st, 1949)

Page 35/36 (HUXLEY CURTAIN): Aldous Huxley by Cecil Beaton, vintage bromide print on white card mount, 1936 (National Portrait Gallery, London).

Page 37 (GOYA 1): Photo: Goya (Francisco de Goya y Lucientes) (1746-1828) - Plate 43 from 'Los Caprichos': El sueño de la razon produce monstruos (The sleep of reason produces monsters) Text: AHCE V, p. 422 - [Variations on Goya, Themes and Variations, 1950]

Page 38 (GOYA 2): Photo: Goya (Francisco de Goya y Lucientes) (1746-1828) - Plate 15 from ‚Los Desastres de la Guerra‘: (The Disasters of War): Y no hai remedio ('And there is no help.') Text: AHCE V, p. 423 - [Variations on Goya, Themes and Variations, 1950]

Page 39 (GOYA 3): Photo: Goya (Francisco de Goya y Lucientes) (1746-1828) - Plate 61 from ‚Los Desastres de la Guerra‘: (The Disasters of War): Si son de otro linage (Perhaps they are of another breed) Text: AHCE V, p. 423 f. - [Variations on Goya, Themes and Variations, 1950]

Page 40 (GOYA 4): Photo: Goya (Francisco de Goya y Lucientes) (1746-1828) - Plate 39 from ‚Los Desastres de la Guerra‘: (The Disasters of War): Grande hazaña! Con muertos! (Great feat! With dead men!) Text: AHCE V, p. 423 f.. - [Variations on Goya, Themes and Variations, 1950]

Page 41 (GOYA 5): Photo: Goya (Francisco de Goya y Lucientes) (1746-1828) - Plate 32 from ‚Los Desastres de la Guerra‘: (The Disasters of War): Por qué? (' Why?') Text: AHCE V, p. 423 f. - [Variations on Goya, Themes and Variations, 1950]

Page 42 (GOYA 6): Photo: Goya (Francisco de Goya y Lucientes) (1746-1828) - Plate 5 from ‚Los Desastres de la Guerra‘: (The Disasters of War): Y son fieras. (And they are wild beasts) Text: AHCE V, p. 423 f. - [Variations on Goya, Themes and Variations, 1950]

Page 43 (SCAPEGOAT): Photo: William Holman Hunt (1827-1910) - The Scapegoat - https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:William_Holman_Hunt_-_The_Scapegoat.jpg Text: AHCE VI, p. 345 f. - [Unpainted Landscapes, Encounter, October 1962] Page 44 (HUXLEY READING): Aldous Huxley by Bassano Ltd, half-plate glass negative, 29 September 1931 - https://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/portrait/mw111546/Aldous-Huxley (National Portrait Gallery, London).

Page 45 (BBC SPOKEN WORD AUDIO CD COVER): The British Library Publishing Division (14 April 2010).

Page 46 (ALDOUS HUXLEY’S BRAVE NEW WORLD LONG PLAYER (LP) COVER): The Complete CBS Radio Workshop broadcasts of January 27 and February 3, 1956. Pelican LP 2013 (1979 Pelican Records, Los Angeles, California).

Page 47 (GRAVE OF ALDOUS HUXLEY): Compton Village Cemetery, Compton, Guildford Borough, Surrey, Englan https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/8707127/aldous-leonard-huxley - https://kotbeber.livejournal.com/7024400.html

Page 48 (HUXLEY BLUE PLAQUE): 16 Bracknell Gardens, Hampstead, London, NW3 7EB - http://blueplaquesguy.byethost24.com/content/Huxley_Aldous_NW3.html?i=1

Page 49 (BANNER): Aldous Huxley: Ends and Means. An Enquiry into the Nature of Ideals and into the Methods employed for their Realization (Chatto & Windus, 1937), p. 140.